Käferlarven sind nicht gerade mein Spezialgebiet, aber ich bin mir recht sicher, dass es sich um eine Bockkäferlarve handelt - diese ernähren sich meist von Holz. Die Larve ist schon extrem groß. Und da sie in einer Ikea-Pflanze gefunden wurde, kann man im Prinzip schon fast alle heimischen Arten ausschliessen. Soweit ich weiss gibt es auch einen Larven-Bestimmungsschlüssel, aber das wird nach Fotos relativ unmöglich sein. Es wäre sehr interessant den fertigen Käfer zu sehen. Dann sollte es auch kein Problem sein, die Art herauszukriegen. Da sie ja bisher alles gut überstanden hat, sollte es auch weiterhin klappen. Ich schätze dass es bei dieser Größe nicht mehr allzulang dauert. Bin schon gespannt :)
Auf hier Vielen Dank für die Hinweise! Werde ich auch gleich an unseren Schmetterlings-Koordinator weiterleiten sodass die sehr interessanten Nachweise mit in die Datenbank komme :)
WOW, Vielen Dank für die vielen Info's. Super! Ich machhe gleich mal unseren "Hirschkäfermann" darauf aufmerksam (ich erfasse die Daten nicht in einer eigenen Datenbank; das machen wir für die einzelnen FFH-Arten bestimmte Leute um die Daten zentral zu sammeln). Der Kollege oder ich melden sich dann bestimmt demnächst nochmal bei Ihnen. Auf jeden Fall schonmal vielen Dank!
Farblaserpapier Schneidersöhne ColorCopy 14.27 Euro (1 Packung) A4, 200g, 250Blatt Zertifikat: FSC (aus nachhaltiger Forstwirtschaft), DIN ISO 9706 200 Jahre alterungsbeständig Sonstiges: holzfrei, satiniert, elementar chlorfrei gebleicht, beidseitig kopierfähig, in wieder verschließbarer Schutzverpackung aus transparenter Folie - optimaler Schutz vor Feuchtigkeit
Many species of parasitoid wasps inject polydnavirus particles in order to manipulate host defenses and development. Because the DNA packaged in these particles encodes almost no viral structural proteins, their relation to viruses has been debated. Characterization of complementary DNAs derived from braconid wasp ovaries identified genes encoding subunits of a viral RNA polymerase and structural components of polydnavirus particles related most closely to those of nudiviruses—a sister group of baculoviruses. The conservation of this viral machinery in different braconid wasp lineages sharing polydnaviruses suggests that parasitoid wasps incorporated a nudivirus-related genome into their own genetic material. We found that the nudiviral genes themselves are no longer packaged but are actively transcribed and produce particles used to deliver genes essential for successful parasitism in lepidopteran hosts.
A man may have been cured of both HIV and leukaemia after receiving a stem-cell transplant from a donor who is genetically resistant to HIV.
About two years after the procedure, there is still no sign of the virus, even though the patient no longer takes antiretroviral drugs.
original paper http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/360/7/692 Long-Term Control of HIV by CCR5 Delta32/Delta32 Stem-Cell Transplantation Hütter et al. 2009 Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires the presence of a CD4 receptor and a chemokine receptor, principally chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). Homozygosity for a 32-bp deletion in the CCR5 allele provides resistance against HIV-1 acquisition. We transplanted stem cells from a donor who was homozygous for CCR5 delta32 in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia and HIV-1 infection. The patient remained without viral rebound 20 months after transplantation and discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy. This outcome demonstrates the critical role CCR5 plays in maintaining HIV-1 infection.
Thema von Eckart Stolle im Forum Neues aus der Wissensc...
Frequent fire promotes diversity and cover of biological soil crusts in a derived temperate grassland Katharine E. O’Bryan, Suzanne Mary Prober , Ian D. Lunt and David J. Eldridge 2009 Oecologia
The intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH) predicts that species diversity is maximized at moderate disturbance levels. This model is often applied to grassy ecosystems, where disturbance can be important for maintaining vascular plant composition and diversity. However, effects of disturbance type and frequency on cover and diversity of non-vascular plants comprising biological soil crusts are poorly known, despite their potentially important role in ecosystem function. We established replicated disturbance regimes of different type (fire vs. mowing) and frequency (2, 4, 8 yearly and unburnt) in a high-quality, representative Themeda australis–Poa sieberiana derived grassland in south-eastern Australia. Effects on soil crust bryophytes and lichens (hereafter cryptogams) were measured after 12 years. Consistent with expectations under IDH, cryptogam richness and abundance declined under no disturbance, likely due to competitive exclusion by vascular plants as well as high soil turnover by soil invertebrates beneath thick grass. Disturbance type was also significant, with burning enhancing richness and abundance more than mowing. Contrary to expectations, however, cryptogam richness increased most dramatically under our most frequent and recent (2 year) burning regime, even when changes in abundance were accounted for by rarefaction analysis. Thus, from the perspective of cryptogams, 2-year burning was not an adequately severe disturbance regime to reduce diversity, highlighting the difficulty associated with expression of disturbance gradients in the application of IDH. Indeed, significant correlations with grassland structure suggest that cryptogam abundance and diversity in this relatively mesic (600 mm annual rainfall) grassland is maximised by frequent fires that reduce vegetation and litter cover, providing light, open areas and stable soil surfaces for colonisation. This contrasts with detrimental effects of 2-year burning on native perennial grasses, indicating that this proliferation of cryptogams has potentially high functional significance for situations where vegetation cover is depleted, particularly for reducing soil erosion.
Thema von Eckart Stolle im Forum Neues aus der Wissensc...
Rumpho et al. 2008 Horizontal gene transfer of the algal nuclear gene psbO to the photosynthetic sea slug Elysia chlorotica. PNAS November 18, 2008 vol. 105 no. 46 17867–17871. http://www.pnas.org/content/105/46/17867
Abstract The sea slug Elysia chlorotica acquires plastids by ingestion of its algal food source Vaucheria litorea. Organelles are sequestered in the mollusc’s digestive epithelium, where they photosynthesize for months in the absence of algal nucleocytoplasm. This is perplexing because plastid metabolism depends on the nuclear genome for>90% of the needed proteins. Two possible explanations for the persistence of photosynthesis in the sea slug are (i) the ability of V. litorea plastids to retain genetic autonomy and/or (ii) more likely, the mollusc provides the essential plastid proteins. Under the latter scenario, genes supporting photosynthesis have been acquired by the animal via horizontal gene transfer and the encoded proteins are retargeted to the plastid. We sequenced the plastid genome and confirmed that it lacks the full complement of genes required for photosynthesis. In support of the second scenario, we demonstrated that a nuclear gene of oxygenic photosynthesis, psbO, is expressed in the sea slug and has integrated into the germline. The source of psbO in the sea slug is V. litorea because this sequence is identical from the predator and prey genomes. Evidence that the transferred gene has integrated into sea slug nuclear DNA comes from the finding of a highly diverged psbO 3 flanking sequence in the algal and mollusc nuclear homologues and gene absence from the mitochondrial genome of E. chlorotica. We demonstrate that foreign organelle retention generates metabolic novelty (‘‘green animals’’) and is explained by anastomosis of distinct branches of the tree of life driven by predation and horizontal gene transfer.
Grützner et al. 2004 In the platypus a meiotic chain of ten sex chromosomes shares genes with the bird Z and mammal X chromosomes.
Two centuries after the duck-billed platypus was discovered, monotreme chromosome systems remain deeply puzzling. Karyotypes of males1, or of both sexes2, 3, 4, were claimed to contain several unpaired chromosomes (including the X chromosome) that form a multi-chromosomal chain at meiosis. Such meiotic chains exist in plants5 and insects6 but are rare in vertebrates7. How the platypus chromosome system works to determine sex and produce balanced gametes has been controversial for decades1, 2, 3, 4. Here we demonstrate that platypus have five male-specific chromosomes (Y chromosomes) and five chromosomes present in one copy in males and two copies in females (X chromosomes). These ten chromosomes form a multivalent chain at male meiosis, adopting an alternating pattern to segregate into XXXXX-bearing and YYYYY-bearing sperm. Which, if any, of these sex chromosomes bears one or more sex-determining genes remains unknown. The largest X chromosome, with homology to the human X chromosome, lies at one end of the chain, and a chromosome with homology to the bird Z chromosome lies near the other end. This suggests an evolutionary link between mammal and bird sex chromosome systems, which were previously thought to have evolved independently.
Nature 453, 175-183 (8 May 2008) | doi:10.1038/nature06936; Received 14 September 2007; Accepted 25 March 2008
Genome analysis of the platypus reveals unique signatures of evolution.
We present a draft genome sequence of the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus. This monotreme exhibits a fascinating combination of reptilian and mammalian characters. For example, platypuses have a coat of fur adapted to an aquatic lifestyle; platypus females lactate, yet lay eggs; and males are equipped with venom similar to that of reptiles. Analysis of the first monotreme genome aligned these features with genetic innovations. We find that reptile and platypus venom proteins have been co-opted independently from the same gene families; milk protein genes are conserved despite platypuses laying eggs; and immune gene family expansions are directly related to platypus biology. Expansions of protein, non-protein-coding RNA and microRNA families, as well as repeat elements, are identified. Sequencing of this genome now provides a valuable resource for deep mammalian comparative analyses, as well as for monotreme biology and conservation.